A more defective substrate leads to a less defective passive layer: Enhancing the mechanical strength, corrosion resistance and anti-inflammatory response of the low-modulus Ti-45Nb alloy by grain refinement

Orthopedic and dental implants made of ?-type Ti alloys have low elastic modulus which can better relieve the stress shielding effects after surgical implantation. Nevertheless, clinical application is hampered by insufficient mechanical strength gradual release pro-inflammatory metallic ions under physiological conditions. In this study, Ti-45Nb alloy subjected to high-pressure torsion (HPT) processing refine grain size. After HPT processing, tensile increases from 370 MPa 658 due boundary strengthening at same time, favorable maintained a level 61-72 GPa because single ?-phase preserved during refinement. More boundaries decrease work function facilitate formation thicker less defective passive films leading corrosion resistance. addition, more rapid repair layer mitigates consequently, inflammatory response suppressed. The results reveal strategy simultaneously improve biological properties implant materials for orthopedics dentistry. promising in addressing complication induced biomedical Ti-based with too-high modulus. However, its hampers application, traditional via heat treatments will compromise current we enhanced ultimate through grain-refinement strengthening, while was value (61-72 GPa). Moreover, substrate has been proved resistance reduced both vitro vivo. A relationship between microstructure surface established explain beneficial grain-refinement.